French Empire Wedding Dress, Early 19th Century

This circa 1804-1805 evening dress was possibly owned by Baltimore socialite Elizabeth Patterson. Patterson wed, and endured an ill-fated marriage, to Jerome Bonaparte, the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. The wedding gown represents the popular French Empire style in American fashion systems in the early 19th century. The Grecian-inspired loose drapery, puffed sleeves, low neckline, high waistline, and light-colored, very sheer fabric with delicate cotton embroidery replicated the French Empress Josephine’s famous style. The French Empire style of this gown is believed to be similar to the wedding gown worn by Maria Monroe, daughter of President James Monroe and First Lady Elizabeth Monroe, during her wedding to Samuel Gouverneur in a White House ceremony on March 19, 1820.